Binary Randomization (ASLR/PIE)

ASLR

Address Space Layout Randomization (or ASLR) is the randomization of the place in memory where the program, shared libraries, the stack, and the heap are.

What this means basically is that every single time you rerun the binary, your functions, stack and heap addresses will have different addresses each time.

However, the only thing that stays constant is the offsets between each address.

Hence, if you are able to calculate the ASLR base address during that run of the binary, you can possibly calculate all addresses easily.

PIE

PIE, like the ASLR, randomizes the base address but in this case it is from the binary itself. This makes it difficult for us to use gadgets or functions of the binary.

PIE is almost identical to ASLR. Except more hardcore.

Everything, every single address, will be randomized which means everything will have different addresses during each run of the binary.

Likewise, offsets between each address will still remain the same.

If you are able to calculate the PIE base address during that run of the binary, you can possible calculate all addresses easily.